The Purpose and Function of Serrated Edges on Survival Knives
When it comes to survival knives, the presence of serrations on their blades often leads to much discussion and debate. While some regard serrated edges as purely decorative, others find them highly functional and essential for survival purposes. This article delves into the practical uses of these serrations, examining the design, history, and unique benefits they offer to users.
Functions of Serrated Edges
Serrated Edges for Cutting Notches in Traps and Snares
According to USAF survival instructors and Pararescue Jumpers, the primary purpose of serrated edges on survival knives such as the Camillus or Ontario aircrew survival knife is to cut clean notches in traps and snares. This feature is particularly useful for outdoor and survival enthusiasts who need to set effective traps for hunting small game or securing food sources.
Striking Matches and Ferro Rods
The serrated edges can also be used to strike “strike anywhere” matches, and with knives having the necessary carbon content, they can enhance the user's ability to ignite fire using a ferro rod. The added friction and grip provided by the serrations make the process easier and more reliable.
Traditional Military Bayonets
Historically, serrated edges were present on military bayonets for pioneering work. For instance, Kalashnikov bayonets, current US Army bayonets, and even early World War I German bayonets featured sawteeth on the spine. However, it's worth noting that the inclusion of serrated edges on bayonets during the war was considered a war crime, and the Germans replaced them with plain spines.
Design and Durability Considerations
Controlling Thumb Slip
Serrations, also known as jimping, are commonly used to place the thumb on the blade for added stability and strength. This design helps prevent the thumb from slipping off, enhancing the user's control over the knife and increasing confidence when using it.
Incurring Higher Durability Costs
The presence of serrated edges can lead to a trade-off in blade durability. Small corners and notches on the blade spine can become stress risers, making the blade more prone to cracking or breaking over time. In the context of survival knives, manufacturers often prioritize functionality over aesthetics, a fact that some argue is reflected in the inferior quality of certain survival knives.
Quality and Craftsmanship
Understanding Serrated Edges
The misleading nature of serrated edges on cheap survival knives can be seen as a marketing tactic. Many inexpensive survival knives may have decorative serrations that offer little practical benefit. To determine the quality of a survival knife, one must inspect the blade's edge and overall design. A well-designed blade will have sharp teeth, proper "set," and a shape conducive to efficient cutting and breaking free of sawdust or chips.
Historical Perspective
Out of my extensive collection of knives, I have only encountered one fixed-blade knife with true sawing capabilities—the Vietnam-era Ontario pilot's survival knife. While its serrations are enough to cut through a plastic canopy or thin aluminum helicopter fuselage, the overall design and quality suggest that such a knife is a rare exception.
Finding the Right Knife
When selecting a survival knife, it's crucial to differentiate between a visually appealing but practically useless knife and a high-quality, functional tool. Look for knives with clean, well-designed serrations that enhance usability rather than detract from durability. Proper craftsmanship and thoughtful design should always take precedence.
Conclusion
The presence of serrations on survival knives serves a myriad of functional purposes, from cutting notches to striking fire. While some may consider these serrations merely decorative, experienced users recognize their importance. Understanding the balance between functionality and durability is key to choosing the right survival knife that will serve you well in challenging survival situations.